<< Click to Display Table of Contents >> Spiral development areas |
|
► VOLUTE | Spiral development areas
The spiral development areas can be designed and calculated in this window.
The wrap angle can be defined - default value is 360°. Slightly reduced wrap angle can be helpful for cut-water design.
You can choose between two kinds of Design rules for volute calculation:
•Velocity-based: Pfleiderer or Stepanoff
•Geometry-based: defined by section height or cross section area or ratio of area to center of mass radius
In panel Cut-water compensation you can specify parameters for the cut-water design.
¢ Details Cut-water compensation
For spirals with rectangular or trapezoidal cross sections, an approximation by circular arcs is provided.
¢ Details Circular arc approximation
Problem |
Possible solutions |
---|---|
Spiral contour could not be calculated exactly. |
|
Spiral sections cannot be calculated due to unusual inflow direction or volute cross section definition. |
Too narrow cross section shape can result in unreasonable high height-width-ratio. Try to select another cross section shape. |
Volute end cross section not sensible. |
|
The properties of the end cross section are not reasonable, e.g. the ratio H5/B5 is too low or too high. |
Check the properties of the end cross section. See also the hints to the error "It's not possible to calculate spiral contour exactly.". |
Flow angle at volute inlet is too large. |
|
Spiral sections cannot be calculated due to invalid reference parameters with a resulting flow angle of more than 70°. |
For velocity-based design rules the flow angle at inner radius results from cm and cu. While cm is calculated from volume flow Qi cm = Qi / (d b π), circumferential velocity is set directly. Increase cu or reduce Qi to decrease flow angle. tan(α) = cm / cu |
Spiral contour calculation failed due to invalid inflow conditions. |
|
Spiral sections cannot be calculated due to invalid inflow direction, i.e. due to invalid flow angle. The flow angle at the volute inlet must be positive and should be small (<~45°, 90° is completely invalid). It can be checked in "Volute/ Inlet definition", page "Volute" right at "Values": Flow angle α. |
The inlet flow angle is defined by the swirl of the previous component. If no previous component exists, the inflow angle is defined by "Global setup/ Inflow". Check if the swirl is inside the mentioned range. Contra rotating impeller at volute inlet are currently not supported. |
Angle of last cross section definition is higher than spiral wrap angle. |
|
One or more cross sections are defined at positions φ > spiral wrap angle φ |
Adapt circumferential position of the cross section definition ("Volute/ Cross section") or spiral wrap angle ("Volute/ Spiral areas"). |
Automated contour update is active. |
|
Spiral cross section extents are updated automatically if anything on the inlet side or any spiral properties are modified. |
To fix the spiral cross section extents you could uncheck the "Automatic" calculation right top. Then you have to manually start the calculation if required. |